diff --git a/fs_mgr/libsnapshot/snapuserd/user-space-merge/snapuserd_test.cpp b/fs_mgr/libsnapshot/snapuserd/user-space-merge/snapuserd_test.cpp
index 01fe06fe7..620ecbd3f 100644
--- a/fs_mgr/libsnapshot/snapuserd/user-space-merge/snapuserd_test.cpp
+++ b/fs_mgr/libsnapshot/snapuserd/user-space-merge/snapuserd_test.cpp
@@ -714,10 +714,12 @@ TEST_F(SnapuserdTest, Snapshot_MERGE_IO_TEST) {
     }
     ASSERT_NO_FATAL_FAILURE(SetupDefault());
     // Issue I/O before merge begins
-    std::async(std::launch::async, &SnapuserdTest::ReadSnapshotDeviceAndValidate, this);
+    auto read_future =
+            std::async(std::launch::async, &SnapuserdTest::ReadSnapshotDeviceAndValidate, this);
     // Start the merge
     ASSERT_TRUE(Merge());
     ValidateMerge();
+    read_future.wait();
 }
 
 TEST_F(SnapuserdTest, Snapshot_MERGE_IO_TEST_1) {
@@ -728,9 +730,11 @@ TEST_F(SnapuserdTest, Snapshot_MERGE_IO_TEST_1) {
     // Start the merge
     ASSERT_TRUE(StartMerge());
     // Issue I/O in parallel when merge is in-progress
-    std::async(std::launch::async, &SnapuserdTest::ReadSnapshotDeviceAndValidate, this);
+    auto read_future =
+            std::async(std::launch::async, &SnapuserdTest::ReadSnapshotDeviceAndValidate, this);
     CheckMergeCompletion();
     ValidateMerge();
+    read_future.wait();
 }
 
 TEST_F(SnapuserdTest, Snapshot_Merge_Resume) {
diff --git a/libutils/String16_fuzz.cpp b/libutils/String16_fuzz.cpp
index a271aeebd..8f9781bfe 100644
--- a/libutils/String16_fuzz.cpp
+++ b/libutils/String16_fuzz.cpp
@@ -13,7 +13,9 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+#include <functional>
 #include <iostream>
+#include <vector>
 
 #include "fuzzer/FuzzedDataProvider.h"
 #include "utils/String16.h"
diff --git a/trusty/apploader/apploader.cpp b/trusty/apploader/apploader.cpp
index 17d083c73..f782d2acb 100644
--- a/trusty/apploader/apploader.cpp
+++ b/trusty/apploader/apploader.cpp
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@
 #include <BufferAllocator/BufferAllocator.h>
 #include <android-base/logging.h>
 #include <android-base/unique_fd.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <getopt.h>
 #include <stdbool.h>